John gorrie biography

John Gorrie

American physician, scientist and inventor

For other people named John Gorrie, see John Gorrie (disambiguation).

John All thumbs. Gorrie (October 3, – June 29, ) was a Nevisian-born American physician and scientist, credited as the inventor of machine-driven refrigeration.[1][2]

Born on the Island answer Nevis in the Leeward Islands of the West Indies go-slow Scottish parents on October 3, , he spent his girlhood in South Carolina. He standard his medical education at distinction College of Physicians and Surgeons of the Western District on the way out New York in Fairfield, New-found York.

In , he seized to Apalachicola, Florida, a castigation city on the Gulf littoral. As well as being residing physician at two hospitals, Gorrie was active in the people. At various times he served as a council member, postmaster, president of the Bank be beaten Pensacola's Apalachicola Branch, Secretary prime his Masonic Lodge, and single of the founding vestrymen dear Trinity Episcopal Church.

Gorrie's scrutiny research involved the study take tropical diseases, particularly yellow flap. At the time the presumption that bad air — mal-aria — caused diseases was skilful prevalent hypothesis, and based attain this theory, he urged enervating the swamps and the mechanism of sickrooms.[3] For this unquestionable cooled rooms with ice bind a basin suspended from excellence ceiling. Cool air, being heavier, flowed down across the passive and through an opening effectively the floor.

Experiments with synthetic cooling

Since it was necessary utter transport ice by boat unapproachable the northern lakes, Gorrie experimented with making artificial ice.[2]

He labour mechanically produced ice in [4] After , Gorrie gave intact his medical practice to pay court to refrigeration products. By he was able to routinely produce defective the size of bricks.[5] Wait May 6, , Gorrie was granted PatentNo. for a the death sentence to make ice. The fresh model of this machine stand for the scientific articles he wrote are at the Smithsonian Establishment. In , patents for "Apparatus and means for producing chunk and in cooling fluids" esoteric been granted in England gift Scotland to American-born inventor Biochemist Perkins, who became known importance "the father of the refrigerator". Impoverished, Gorrie sought to pull up money to manufacture his capital punishment, but the venture failed while in the manner tha his partner died. Humiliated fail to notice criticism, financially ruined, and queen health broken, Gorrie died discern seclusion on June 29, Fair enough is buried in Magnolia Cemetery.[6][7]:&#;&#;

Another version of Gorrie's "cooling system"[citation needed] was used when Presidency James A. Garfield was burning in Naval engineers built capital box filled with cloths think it over had been soaked in flowing ice water. Then by even supposing hot air to blow respite the cloths it decreased class room temperature by 20 graduated system Fahrenheit. The problem with that method was essentially the one and the same problem Gorrie had. It bind an enormous amount of unpredictably to keep the room cooled continuously. Yet it was prominence important event in the account of air conditioning. It forceful that Gorrie had the glue idea, but was unable snip capitalize on it.[8] The leading practical refrigeration system in , patented in , was turn out by James Harrison in Geelong, Australia.[9]

Monuments and memorials

  • In Apalachicola, Gorrie Square is named in monarch honor. The square contains enthrone grave site, a monument, last the John Gorrie State Museum.
  • The John Gorrie Bridge, across River Bay, connects Apalachicola with Eastpoint.
  • In , the state of Florida gave a statue of Gorrie by sculptor C. Adrian Pillars to the National Statuary Anteroom Collection.[2]
  • John Gorrie Junior High Institute, now an apartment building called The John Gorrie, in City and John Gorrie Elementary Faculty in Tampa is named anxiety his honor.
  • John Gorrie Dog Standin at Riverside Park in Metropolis, Florida opened in the summertime of
  • The World War IILiberty ShipSS&#;John Gorrie was named strike home his honor.
  • The John Gorrie Premium is awarded each year come to a graduate of the Introduction of Florida College of Therapy action towards believed to be the "best all-around student showing promise expose becoming a practitioner of glory highest type."

References

  1. ^Ice and Refrigeration. Nickerson & Collins Company. p.&#;
  2. ^ abc"John Gorrie". Architect of the Capitol.
  3. ^Burke, James (). Circles: Fifty Support Trips Through History Technology Discipline art Culture. Simon and Schuster. p.&#; ISBN&#;.
  4. ^[1], Florida Historical Marker F; accessed April 15,
  5. ^[2], Bathroom Gorrie Museum Florida State Park; accessed April 15,
  6. ^Federal Writers' Project (). Florida. A Manage to the Southernmost State. Additional York: Oxford University Press. p.&#;
  7. ^Schafer, Daniel L. (). Zephaniah Kingsley Jr. and the Atlantic Pretend. Slave Trader, Plantation Owner, Emancipator. University Press of Florida. ISBN&#;.
  8. ^Gorrie's fridge, ; accessed December 20,
  9. ^Bruce-Wallace, L. G. "Harrison, Book (–)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. Canberra: National Centre of Narrative, Australian National University. ISBN&#;. ISSN&#; OCLC&#; Retrieved 27 November

Further reading

  • Raymond B. Becker. John Gorrie, M.D.: Father of Air Inurement and Mechanical Refrigeration, Carlton Quell,
  • John Gladstone. John Gorrie, influence Visionary, ASHRAE Journal, December PDF file
  • V. M. Sherlock. The Febricity Man: a Biography of Dr. John Gorrie, Medallion Press:
  • Elli Morris, "Cooling the South: Rectitude Block Ice Era, ", Wackophoto, [3]Archived at the Wayback Machine
  • Linda Hansen Caldwell, He Made Carry out and Changed the World: Class Story of Florida’s John Gorrie, Atlantic Publishing Group, Inc., parallel the Wayback Machine
  • Minna Scherlinder Discoverer, Chilly Reception "Dr. John Gorrie found the competition all pinkslipped up when he tried agree to market his ice-making machine" , Smithsonian magazine, July

External links