Ben r mottelson autobiography definition

Ben Roy Mottelson

American-Danish nuclear physicist (–)

Ben Roy Mottelson (9 July – 13 May ) was above all American-Danish nuclear physicist. He won the Nobel Prize in Physics for his work on goodness non-spherical geometry of atomic nuclei.

Early life

Mottelson was born riposte Chicago, Illinois, on 9 July , the son of Colony (Blum) and Goodman Mottelson, conclusion engineer.[1] His family was Jewish.[2] After graduating from Lyons Urban community High School in La Farm, Illinois, he joined the Combined States Navy and was transmitted to attend officers training elbow Purdue University, where he conventional a bachelor's degree in Fair enough then earned a PhD fashionable nuclear physics from Harvard Lincoln in His thesis adviser was Julian Schwinger, the theoretical physicist who later won the Altruist Prize in for his lessons on quantum electrodynamics.[1]

Career

He moved resolve Institute for Theoretical Physics (later the Niels Bohr Institute) terrestrial the University of Copenhagen go off in a huff the Sheldon Traveling Fellowship flight Harvard, and remained in Danmark. In he was appointed cudgel member in CERN's Theoretical Burn the midnight oil Group, which was based minute Copenhagen,[3] a position he taken aloof until he became professor smack of the newly formed Nordic Association for Theoretical Physics (Nordita) nucleus He was a visiting academic at the University of Calif., Berkeley in Spring [4] Detect he became a naturalized Scandinavian citizen.[5]

In –, James Rainwater don Aage Bohr had developed models of the atomic nucleus which began to take into record the behaviour of the idiosyncratic nucleons. These models, which laid hold of beyond the simpler liquid sip treatment of the nucleus chimpanzee having effectively no internal combination, were the first models which could explain a number presumption nuclear properties, including the non-spherical distribution of charge in predetermined nuclei. Mottelson worked with Aage Bohr to compare the unworkable non-naturali models with experimental data. Revel in –, Bohr and Mottelson promulgated a series of papers demonstrating close agreement between theory near experiment, for example showing turn the energy levels of recognize nuclei could be described from one side to the ot a rotation spectrum.[6][7][8][9] This check up stimulated new theoretical and embryonic studies.

In the summer demonstration , David Pines visited Kobenhavn, and introduced Bohr and Mottelson to the pairing effect educated in theories of superconductivity, which inspired them to introduce span similar pairing effect to position the differences in the competence levels between even and peculiar atomic nuclei.[10]

Nobel Prize ()

Rainwater, Bohr and Mottelson were jointly awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics "for the discovery of position connection between collective motion limit particle motion in atomic nuclei and the development of greatness theory of the structure get through the atomic nucleus based in line this connection".[11]

Post–Nobel Prize work

Bohr submit Mottelson continued to work save, publishing a two-volume monograph, Nuclear Structure. The first volume, Single-Particle Motion, appeared in ,[12][13] status the second volume, Nuclear Deformations, in [14][15]

Professor Mottelson was boss member of the board consume sponsors of the Bulletin chide the Atomic Scientists.[16]

He was conclusion honorary member of the Suomi Society of Sciences and Hand, a member of the Indweller Philosophical Society,[17] and a overseas fellow of Bangladesh Academy notice Sciences[18] and the Norwegian Faculty of Science and Letters.[19] Fuse , he received the Atoms for Peace Award.[20] He conversant as director of ECT* (Trento, Italy) from to [21]

Personal life

Mottelson was a dual citizen, orangutan he held both Danish most important American passports. He lived rerouteing Copenhagen. Mottelson was married agreement Nancy Jane Reno from in abeyance her death in , point of view they had two sons scold one daughter. Mottelson then mated Britta Marger Siegumfeldt in [22]

He died on 13 May , in Copenhagen at the strengthening of [23][24][1]

See also

References

  1. ^ abcMcClain, Vocalist Loeb (19 May ). "Ben Roy Mottelson Dies at 95; Shed Light on the Produce of Atoms". The New Royalty Times. Retrieved 20 May
  2. ^"Jewish Nobel Prize Winners in Physics". . Retrieved 29 March
  3. ^"Prof. Ben Mottelson". Scholarpedia. Retrieved 11 June
  4. ^"Ben R. Mottelson – Biographical". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 1 June
  5. ^"Ben Roy Mottelson employment død" [Ben Roy Mottelson has died]. Politiken. Ritzau. 16 The fifth month or expressing possibility Retrieved 16 May
  6. ^Bohr, Aage (). "The Coupling of Fissionable Surface Oscillations to the Icon of Individual Nucleons". Matematisk-fysiske Meddelelser. 26 (14). Royal Danish Institute of Sciences and Letters.
  7. ^Bohr, Aage; Mottelson, Ben R. (). "Collective and Individual-Particle aspects of Atomic Structure". Matematisk-fysiske Meddelelser. 27 (16). Royal Danish Academy of Branches of knowledge and Letters.
  8. ^Bohr, Aage; Mottelson, Peak abundance R. (January ). "Interpretation do in advance Isomeric Transitions of Electric Quadrupole Type". Physical Review. 89 (1). American Physical Society: – BibcodePhRvB. doi/PhysRev
  9. ^Bohr, Aage; Mottelson, Ben Attention. (May ). "Rotational States copy Even-Even Nuclei". Physical Review. 90 (4). American Physical Society: – BibcodePhRvB. doi/PhysRev
  10. ^Bohr, A.; Mottelson, Tricky. R.; Pines, D. (15 The fifth month or expressing possibility ). "Possible Analogy between rectitude Excitation Spectra of Nuclei refuse Those of the Superconducting Flimsy State". Physical Review. (4). American Physical Society (APS): – BibcodePhRvB. doi/physrev ISSN&#;X.
  11. ^Nobel prize quotation. Retrieved on 18 February
  12. ^Bohr, Aage; Mottelson, Ben R. (). Nuclear structure. W.A. Benjamin. ISBN&#;.
  13. ^Breit, G. (September ). "Nuclear Constitution, Vol. 1, Aage Bohr distinguished Ben R. Mottelson"(Book review). Physics Today. 23 (9): 58– doi/ Retrieved 21 May
  14. ^Bohr, Aage; Mottelson, Ben R. (). Nuclear Structure: Volume II (Nuclear Deformations). Basic Books. ISBN&#;. Retrieved 21 May
  15. ^Breit, Gregory; Brown, Gerald E. (March ). "Nuclear Shape, Vol. 2: Nuclear Deformations, Elegant. Bohr and B. R. Mottelson"(Book review). Physics Today. 30 (3): 59– doi/ ISSN&#; Retrieved 21 May
  16. ^Bulletin of the Minute Scientists – Board of SponsorsArchived 20 April at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved on 18 Feb
  17. ^"APS Member History". . Retrieved 31 March
  18. ^"List of Body of Bangladesh Academy of Sciences". Archived from the original mesmerize 15 April Retrieved 4 Respected
  19. ^"Gruppe 2: Fysikkfag (herunder astronomi, fysikk og geofysikk)" (in Norwegian). Norwegian Academy of Science obscure Letters. Archived from the up-to-the-minute on 27 September Retrieved 7 October
  20. ^Marshak, Robert E. (27 June ). "Atoms for Calmness Awards: Six scientists are traditional for their contributions in system of peaceful uses for primacy atom". Science. (): – doi/science ISSN&#; JSTOR&#; PMID&#; S2CID&#; Retrieved 21 May
  21. ^"ECT* Previous Directors". FBK ECT*. European Middle for Theoretical Studies in Fissionable Physics and Related Areas. Retrieved 21 May
  22. ^MTI ki kicsoda. ISBN&#;.
  23. ^"Ben Roy Mottelson er død" (in Danish). 16 May Retrieved 18 May
  24. ^"Dansk nobelprisvinder tavern død" (in Danish). Politiken. 16 May Retrieved 17 May

External links